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Experimental evaluation of a 35 kVA downdraft gasifier

Ashok Jayawant Rao KECHE, Gaddale AMBA PRASAD RAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 300-306 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0247-9

摘要： Energy conversion systems based on biomass are particularly interesting because biomass utilization effectively closes the carbon cycle besides achieving self-sustainability. Biomass is particularly useful for highly populated and agriculture dependent economic nations like China and India. A compact and cost effective downdraft gasification system was developed. The present paper describes an experimental investigation on a biomass based gasifier engine system with a capacity of 35 kVA for power generation application. The problem of cooling and cleaning the hot and dirty gas from the gasifier has been satisfactorily solved by the effective cooling and filtration system. The gasifier developed is observed to be operation friendly. The quality of gas was evaluated in terms of its composition, conversion efficiency and total particulate matter. The maximum output of the power plant was obtained at the combustion zone temperature of 850oC. The experimental investigations showed that the percentage reduction in total particulate matter is 89.32%. The conversion efficiency of the biomass gasifier is found to be dependent on the operation conditions and fuel properties of the gasifier. The optimum value of equivalence ratio was observed to be 0.3134 for achieving the maximum gas conversion efficiency of the present gasifier configuration.

关键词： biomass     gasification     producer gas     equivalence ratio     total particulate matter     conversion efficiency of gasifier    

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生产性服务业标准化体系发展策略研究

靳宗振,庄力健,向宁

《中国工程科学》 2021年 第23卷 第3期   页码 25-31 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.03.012

摘要：

标准化体系建设对生产性服务业高质量、融合发展具有重要作用，目前我国生产性服务业标准化体系尚未完善，在标准覆盖范围、有效供给、国际化等方面还存在诸多发展问题，亟需结合社会需求，建立健全科学规范、技术先进、具有前瞻性和引领性的生产性服务业标准化体系。本文系统分析了国内外生产性服务业标准化的发展现状，研判了生产性服务业标准化的发展趋势，总结了新时代生产性服务业标准化体系建设面临的问题，提出了面向2025 年和2035 年的生产性服务业标准化体系的发展目标、重点方向和实施路径。研究建议，加强健全符合新时代高质量发展需求的生产性服务业标准化体系建设、增加新兴服务业态的标准有效供给、推进生产性服务业与其他行业的标准体系系统衔接、夯实标准化人才基础、推进国际标准化工作，以期为我国现代化经济体系的发展提供标准化技术支撑。

关键词： 生产性服务业，标准化体系，标准国际化    

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A stepwise process for carbon dioxide sequestration using magnesium silicates

Johan FAGERLUND, Experience NDUAGU, Ron ZEVENHOVEN, Inês ROMÃO,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 133-141 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0259-5

摘要： This work involves the production of magnesium in the form of Mg(OH) from serpentinite rock (nickel mine tailing) material followed by conversion into MgCO using a pressurised fluidised bed (PFB) reactor operating at 400°C–600°C and pressures up to 2.85MPa. Our approach is rooted in the thermodynamic fact that the reaction between Mg(OH) and gaseous CO forming MgCO and water releases significant amounts of heat. The main problem is, however, the chemical kinetics; the reaction is slow and has to be accelerated in order to be used in an economically viable process for large-scale (~1Mt/a) CO sequestration. We have constructed a lab-scale PFB reactor test-setup for optimising the carbonation reaction. At high enough temperatures and conversion levels the reaction should provide the heat for the proceeding Mg(OH) production step, making the overall process energy neutral. So far we have been able to achieve a conversion degree of 26% at 500°C and 2.85MPa after 30min (particle size 125–212μm). In this paper the test facility and our latest results and progress on CO mineral carbonation are summarised. Also, the possible integration of the iron as a feedstock for iron and steel production will be briefly addressed. An interesting side-effect of this carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) route is that significant amounts of iron are obtained from the serpentinite rock material. This is released during the Mg(OH) production and can be of great interest to the iron- and steel producing sector, which at the same time is Finland’s largest CO producer.

关键词： carbonation reaction     reactor     producer     large-scale     process    

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Studies on culture condition of new marine bacterium sp. SY01

LAN Wenjian, MO Linfeng, LI Houjin, CAI Chuanghua, ZHOU Yipin, YAO Junhua

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 443-446 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0065-5

摘要： New marine bacterium sp. SY01, producer of prodigiosin, was isolated from the seawaters of Sanya Bay. The culture conditions of this bacterium were investigated. sp. SY01 was cultured in 2216E media which contained tryptophan, histidine, lactonic acid, camphor, limonene, casein, diphenyl guanidine, coumarin and 1,3-dinitrobenzene, respectively. After 5 days cultivation, the extracts of different culture broths were detected by direct infusion mass spectroscopy using positive ESI mode. As the results, tryptophan, histidine and casein didn’t show any observable influences on the biosynthesis of prodigiosin. Lactonic acid, camphor, limonene, diphenyl guanidine, coumarin could inhibit the bacterium growth and prodigiosin biosynthesis to a certain extent, slower the culture broth to turn red. However, 1, 3-dinitrobenzene inhibited the bacteria to produce prodigiosin completely. MS data suggested that various metabolites with chemodiversity were produced in different culture media. In particular, a series of high-molecular-weight compounds with high relative abundances were observed in the medium containing limonene. To further optimize the culture condition, more new prodigiosin analogues and lead compounds can be obtained and the goal of “one strain-many compounds” can be achieved.

关键词： producer     high-molecular-weight     relative     culture     different culture    

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CO, N, and CO/N mixed gas injection for enhanced shale gas recovery and CO geological storage

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 428-445 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0865-9

摘要： In this work, using fractured shale cores, isothermal adsorption experiments and core flooding tests were conducted to investigate the performance of injecting different gases to enhance shale gas recovery and CO2 geological storage efficiency under real reservoir conditions. The adsorption process of shale to different gases was in agreement with the extended-Langmuir model, and the adsorption capacity of CO2 was the largest, followed by CH4, and that of N2 was the smallest of the three pure gases. In addition, when the CO2 concentration in the mixed gas exceeded 50%, the adsorption capacity of the mixed gas was greater than that of CH4, and had a strong competitive adsorption effect. For the core flooding tests, pure gas injection showed that the breakthrough time of CO2 was longer than that of N2, and the CH4 recovery factor at the breakthrough time (RCH4) was also higher than that of N2. The RCH4 of CO2 gas injection was approximately 44.09%, while the RCH4 of N2 was only 31.63%. For CO2/N2 mixed gas injection, with the increase of CO2 concentration, the RCH4 increased, and the RCH4 for mixed gas CO2/N2 = 8:2 was close to that of pure CO2, about 40.24%. Moreover, the breakthrough time of N2 in mixed gas was not much different from that when pure N2 was injected, while the breakthrough time of CO2 was prolonged, which indicated that with the increase of N2 concentration in the mixed gas, the breakthrough time of CO2 could be extended. Furthermore, an abnormal surge of N2 concentration in the produced gas was observed after N2 breakthrough. In regards to CO2 storage efficiency (Sstorage-CO2), as the CO2 concentration increased, Sstorage-CO2 also increased. The Sstorage-CO2 of the pure CO2 gas injection was about 35.96%, while for mixed gas CO2/N2 = 8:2, Sstorage-CO2 was about 32.28%.

关键词： shale gas     gas injection     competitive adsorption     enhanced shale gas recovery     CO2 geological storage    

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A novel methodology for forecasting gas supply reliability of natural gas pipeline systems

Feng CHEN, Changchun WU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 213-223 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0672-5

摘要： In this paper, a novel systematic and integrated methodology to assess gas supply reliability is proposed based on the Monte Carlo method, statistical analysis, mathematical-probabilistic analysis, and hydraulic simulation. The method proposed has two stages. In the first stage, typical scenarios are determined. In the second stage, hydraulic simulation is conducted to calculate the flow rate in each typical scenario. The result of the gas pipeline system calculated is the average gas supply reliability in each typical scenario. To verify the feasibility, the method proposed is applied for a real natural gas pipelines network system. The comparison of the results calculated and the actual gas supply reliability based on the filed data in the evaluation period suggests the assessment results of the method proposed agree well with the filed data. Besides, the effect of different components on gas supply reliability is investigated, and the most critical component is identified. For example, the 48th unit is the most critical component for the SH terminal station, while the 119th typical scenario results in the most severe consequence which causes the loss of 175.61×10 m gas when the 119th scenario happens. This paper provides a set of scientific and reasonable gas supply reliability indexes which can evaluate the gas supply reliability from two dimensions of quantity and time.

关键词： natural gas pipeline system     gas supply reliability     evaluation index     Monte Carlo method     hydraulic simulation    

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End-of-life batteries management and material flow analysis in South Korea

Hyunhee Kim, Yong-Chul Jang, Yeonjung Hwang, Youngjae Ko, Hyunmyeong Yun

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1019-x

摘要： Consumers increasingly have worn-out batteries as electrical and electronic equipment with new technical developments are introduced into the market and quickly replace older models. As a result, large amounts of end-of-life (EOL) or waste batteries are generated. Such batteries may contain a variety of materials that includes valuable resources as well as toxic elements. Thus, the proper recycling and management of batteries is very important from the perspective of resource conservation and environmental effect. The collection and recycling of EOL batteries is relatively low in South Korea compared to other countries, although an extended producer responsibility (EPR) policy was adopted for battery recycling in 2003. In this study, the management and material flow of EOL batteries is presented to determine potential problems and quantitative flow, based on literature review, site visits to battery recycling facilities, and interviews with experts in the Korea Battery Recycling Association (KBRA), manufacturers, and regulators in government. The results show that approximately 558 tons of manganese-alkaline batteries, the largest fraction among recycling target items, was disposed in landfills or incinerators in 2015, while approximately 2,000 tons of batteries were recovered at a recycling facility by simple sorting and crushing processes. By raising environmental awareness, more diverse and effective collection systems could be established for consumers to easily dispose of EOL batteries in many places. Producers, retailers and distributors in South Korea should also play an important role in the collection of EOL batteries from consumers. Lithium-ion batteries from many electronic devices must be included in the EPR system for resource recovery.

关键词： End-of-life battery     Recycling     Material flow analysis (MFA)     Extended producer responsibility (EPR)     Resource recovery    

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Life-cycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of gas-to-liquid fuel pathway from steelmill off-gas in China by the LanzaTech process

Xunmin OU, Xu ZHANG, Qian ZHANG, Xiliang ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 263-270 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0263-9

摘要： The LanzaTech process can convert carbon monoxide-containing gases produced by industries, such as steel manufacturing, into valuable fuel products. The life-cycle analysis (LCA) of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions from the LanzaTech process has been developed for a Chinese setting using the original Tsinghua China Automotive LCA model along with a customized module developed principally for the process. The LCA results demonstrate that LanzaTech gas-to-liquid (GTL) processing in China’s steel manufacturing is favorable in terms of life-cycle fossil energy and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 50% compared with the conventional petroleum gasoline. The LanzaTech process, therefore, shows advantages in both energy-savings and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions when compared with most bio-ethanol production pathways in China.

关键词： life-cycle analysis (LCA)     gas-to-liquid (GTL)     LanzaTech process    

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Latest progress in numerical simulations on multiphase flow and thermodynamics in production of natural gasfrom gas hydrate reservoir

Lin ZUO, Lixia SUN, Changfu YOU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 152-159 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0017-x

摘要： Natural gas hydrates are promising potential alternative energy resources. Some studies on the multiphase flow and thermodynamics have been conducted to investigate the feasibility of gas production from hydrate dissociation. The methods for natural gas production are analyzed and several models describing the dissociation process are listed and compared. Two prevailing models, one for depressurization and the other for thermal stimulation, are discussed in detail. A comprehensive numerical method considering the multiphase flow and thermodynamics of gas production from various hydrate-bearing reservoirs is required to better understand the dissociation process of natural gas hydrate, which would be of great benefit to its future exploration and exploitation.

关键词： numerical simulation     natural gas hydrate     dissociation     thermodynamics     multiphase flow    

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Key issues in development of offshore natural gas hydrate

Shouwei ZHOU, Qingping LI, Xin LV, Qiang FU, Junlong ZHU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 433-442 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0684-1

摘要： As a new clean energy resource in the 21st century, natural gas hydrate is considered as one of the most promising strategic resources in the future. This paper, based on the research progress in exploitation of natural gas hydrate (NGH) in China and the world, systematically reviewed and discussed the key issues in development of natural gas hydrate. From an exploitation point of view, it is recommended that the concepts of diagenetic hydrate and non-diagenetic hydrate be introduced. The main factors to be considered are whether diagenesis, stability of rock skeleton structure, particle size and cementation mode, thus NGHs are divided into 6 levels and used unused exploitation methods according to different types. The study of the description and quantitative characterization of abundance in hydrate enrichment zone, and looking for gas hydrate dessert areas with commercial exploitation value should be enhanced. The concept of dynamic permeability and characterization of the permeability of NGH by time-varying equations should be established. The ‘Three-gas co-production’ (natural gas hydrate, shallow gas, and conventional gas) may be an effective way to achieve early commercial exploitation. Although great progress has been made in the exploitation of natural gas hydrate, there still exist enormous challenges in basic theory research, production methods, and equipment and operation modes. Only through hard and persistent exploration and innovation can natural gas hydrate be truly commercially developed on a large scale and contribute to sustainable energy supply.

关键词： natural gas hydrate exploitation offshore     diagenetic and non-diagenetic hydrate     solid-state fluidization method     dessert in enrichment area     three-gas combined production on gas hydrate abundance    

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Active-reactive power scheduling of integrated electricity-gas network with multi-microgrids

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 251-265 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0857-1

摘要： Advances in natural gas-fired technologies have deepened the coupling between electricity and gas networks, promoting the development of the integrated electricity-gas network (IEGN) and strengthening the interaction between the active-reactive power flow in the power distribution network (PDN) and the natural gas flow in the gas distribution network (GDN). This paper proposes a day-ahead active-reactive power scheduling model for the IEGN with multi-microgrids (MMGs) to minimize the total operating cost. Through the tight coupling relationship between the subsystems of the IEGN, the potentialities of the IEGN with MMGs toward multi-energy cooperative interaction is optimized. Important component models are elaborated in the PDN, GDN, and coupled MMGs. Besides, motivated by the non-negligible impact of the reactive power, optimal inverter dispatch (OID) is considered to optimize the active and reactive power capabilities of the inverters of distributed generators. Further, a second-order cone (SOC) relaxation technology is utilized to transform the proposed active-reactive power scheduling model into a convex optimization problem that the commercial solver can directly solve. A test system consisting of an IEEE-33 test system and a 7-node natural gas network is adopted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling method. The results show that the proposed scheduling method can effectively reduce the power losses of the PDN in the IEGN by 9.86%, increase the flexibility of the joint operation of the subsystems of the IEGN, reduce the total operation costs by $32.20, and effectively enhance the operation economy of the IEGN.

关键词： combined cooling     heating     and power (CCHP)     integrated energy systems (IES)     natural gas     power distribution system     gas distribution system    

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Bioenergy recovery from landfill gas: A case study in China

Wei WANG, Yuxiang LUO, Zhou DENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 20-31 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0012-9

摘要： Landfill gas (LFG) utilization which means a synergy between environmental protection and bioenergy recovery was investigated in this study. Pressure swing adsorption technology was used in LFG purification, and laboratory experiment, pilot-scale test, and on-site demonstration were carried out in Shenzhen, China. In the laboratory experiment, A-type carbon molecular sieve was selected as the adsorbent by comparison of several other adsorbents. The optimal adsorption pressure and adsorption time were 0.25 MPa and 2 min, respectively, under which the product generation rate was 4.5 m /h and the methane concentration was above 90%. The process and optimization of the pilot-scale test were also reported in the paper. The product gas was of high quality compared with the National Standard of Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel (GB18047-2000), when the air concentration in feed gas was under 10.96%. The demonstration project was composed of a collection system, production system, and utilization system. The drive performance, environmental protection performance, and economic feasibility of the product gas – as alternative fuel in passenger car, truck, and bulldozer – were tested, showing the feasibility technology for LFG utilization.

关键词： landfill gas (LFG)     compressed purified landfill gas (CPLG)     pressure swing adsorption (PSA)     alternative vehicle fuel     demonstration project    

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The Fast Road of Shale Gas Development in China —Reflections on Building a Special Test Areas for NationalShale Gas Development

Da-wei Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第4期   页码 364-372 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015062

摘要： China’s shale gas development has had a good start. It is necessary that the developers take advantage of the opportunity to make further efforts to promote shale gas development in China, in particular by rolling out a comprehensive plan on a national level. The author makes a proposal to establish a special shale gas test area in and adjacent to the Sichuan Basin as the most important way to promote the rapid development of shale gas in China. For this purpose, the author analyzes the current situation and problems of shale gas development in China, addresses the necessity and feasibility of establishing a special test area for shale gas development, and draws up the scope of this shale gas special test area of about 450 thousand square kilometers, covering Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, and part of Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei provinces, and proposes the establishment of a shale gas test area in China. This consists of an overall plan, targets, and contents in 10 aspects, along with organization and implementation modes. The shale gas exploration and development in the shale gas zones is promoted vigorously by introducing special policies and innovating exploration, development and utilization model. While at the same time, the shale gas zones of continental facies in the Ordos Basin and marine-terrigenous facies in South Hubei Basin will be established. The experiences of the reform in the shale gas zones will be the good practice for the reform of petroleum organization system.

关键词： China     shale gas     exploration and development     reform     special shale gas test area (shale gas zone)    

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Technology Innovation and Practice of Green Exploitation Projects of Oil and Gas in the Western SichuanGas Field

Hong-yong Liu,Yi-qi Chen,Yi Yang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第1期   页码 71-75 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015010

摘要： The green (environmentally friendly) project of mining oil and gas in the Western Sichuan area is based on the green low-carbon development strategy of the China Petrochemical Corporation, and it commits to form a complete set of technological developments in oil and gas extraction processes. The project focuses on technology innovation in three aspects: reuse of fracturing flow back fluid, reuse of drilling fluid, and configuration of fracturing fluid and drilling fluid by formation water. A series of technology innovations not only realize the green low-carbon strategy of the enterprise, but also play an important role in lowering cost and improving efficiency. In addition, the technology achieves remarkable social and economic benefits and inspires the ideas for industry technology innovation.

关键词： oil and gas exploitation     green low-carbon     technology innovation     strategic thinking    

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GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 268-280 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023495

摘要：

● An expert survey highlighted the most effective strategies for GHG and ammonia mitigation.

关键词： agriculture     ammonia     greenhouse gas     mitigation     net zero    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Experimental evaluation of a 35 kVA downdraft gasifier

Ashok Jayawant Rao KECHE, Gaddale AMBA PRASAD RAO

期刊论文

生产性服务业标准化体系发展策略研究

靳宗振,庄力健,向宁

期刊论文

A stepwise process for carbon dioxide sequestration using magnesium silicates

Johan FAGERLUND, Experience NDUAGU, Ron ZEVENHOVEN, Inês ROMÃO,

期刊论文

Studies on culture condition of new marine bacterium sp. SY01

LAN Wenjian, MO Linfeng, LI Houjin, CAI Chuanghua, ZHOU Yipin, YAO Junhua

期刊论文

CO, N, and CO/N mixed gas injection for enhanced shale gas recovery and CO geological storage

期刊论文

A novel methodology for forecasting gas supply reliability of natural gas pipeline systems

Feng CHEN, Changchun WU

期刊论文

End-of-life batteries management and material flow analysis in South Korea

Hyunhee Kim, Yong-Chul Jang, Yeonjung Hwang, Youngjae Ko, Hyunmyeong Yun

期刊论文

Life-cycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of gas-to-liquid fuel pathway from steelmill off-gas in China by the LanzaTech process

Xunmin OU, Xu ZHANG, Qian ZHANG, Xiliang ZHANG

期刊论文

Latest progress in numerical simulations on multiphase flow and thermodynamics in production of natural gasfrom gas hydrate reservoir

Lin ZUO, Lixia SUN, Changfu YOU

期刊论文

Key issues in development of offshore natural gas hydrate

Shouwei ZHOU, Qingping LI, Xin LV, Qiang FU, Junlong ZHU

期刊论文

Active-reactive power scheduling of integrated electricity-gas network with multi-microgrids

期刊论文

Bioenergy recovery from landfill gas: A case study in China

Wei WANG, Yuxiang LUO, Zhou DENG

期刊论文

The Fast Road of Shale Gas Development in China —Reflections on Building a Special Test Areas for NationalShale Gas Development

Da-wei Zhang

期刊论文

Technology Innovation and Practice of Green Exploitation Projects of Oil and Gas in the Western SichuanGas Field

Hong-yong Liu,Yi-qi Chen,Yi Yang

期刊论文

GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

期刊论文